HISTORY AND MYSTERY

  🌐 Unit 1 – Fundamentals of IoT (Internet of Things) 🔹 1. Introduction to IoT (Internet of Things) 🪄 Hinglish Explanation: IoT ka matlab hota hai Internet of Things , yaani “Cheezon ka Internet.” Aaj ke time me hum sirf mobile aur computer ko hi internet se nahi jodte, balki physical objects (jaise smart watch, fridge, car, CCTV, bulb) bhi internet se connected hote hain. In devices ke andar sensors, actuators, processor aur communication module hota hai, jisse ye devices apas me data share karte hain, aur smart decision lete hain bina human interference ke. 👉 Example: Smart bulb apne aap light on kar deta hai jab andhera ho jata hai. Smartwatch heart rate check karke phone pe data bhej deti hai. Smart car apne aap traffic alert deti hai. IoT ka main aim hai “ Make devices smart and connected .” 🪄 Easy English Version: The Internet of Things (IoT) means connecting physical objects to the internet. These objects — like smartwatches, cars, refrigerators...

📘 INTRODUCTION TO BASIC STATISTICS 🔹 1. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY Yeh wo values hoti hain jo data ko ek single representative value se summarize karti hain. Common measures: Mean, Median, Mode 🧮 (A) MEAN (Arithmetic Mean) (i) Individual Series Formula: X ˉ = ∑ X N \bar{X} = \frac{\sum X}{N} X ˉ = N ∑ X ​ Example: X = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 X ˉ = 10 + 20 + 30 + 40 + 50 5 = 30 \bar{X} = \frac{10 + 20 + 30 + 40 + 50}{5} = 30 X ˉ = 5 10 + 20 + 30 + 40 + 50 ​ = 30 (ii) Discrete Series Formula: X ˉ = ∑ f X ∑ f \bar{X} = \frac{\sum fX}{\sum f} X ˉ = ∑ f ∑ f X ​ Example: X f 10 2 20 3 30 5 X ˉ = ( 10 × 2 + 20 × 3 + 30 × 5 ) ( 2 + 3 + 5 ) = 260 10 = 26 \bar{X} = \frac{(10×2 + 20×3 + 30×5)}{(2+3+5)} = \frac{260}{10} = 26 X ˉ = ( 2 + 3 + 5 ) ( 10 × 2 + 20 × 3 + 30 × 5 ) ​ = 10 260 ​ = 26 (iii) Continuous Series Formula (using class intervals): X ˉ = A + ∑ f d ∑ f × i \bar{X} = A + \frac{\sum f d}{\sum f} \times i X ˉ = A + ∑ f ∑ fd ​ × i Where: A = Assumed mean, d = (...